病原微生物逃避植物免疫的机制

发布日期：2022-03-20

Author：Yan Wang,Rory N. Pruitt ,Thorsten Nürnberger,Yuanchao Wang

Abstract:Plant pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi and oomycetes cause destructive diseases in natural habitats and agricultural settings, thereby threatening plant biodiversity and global food security. The capability of plants to sense and respond to microbial infection determines the outcome of plant–microorganism interactions. Host-adapted microbial pathogens exploit various infection strategies to evade or counter plant immunity and eventually establish a replicative niche. Evasion of plant immunity through dampening host recognition or the subsequent immune signalling and defence execution is a crucial infection strategy used by different microbial pathogens to cause diseases, underpinning a substantial obstacle for efficient deployment of host genetic resistance genes for sustainable disease control. In this Review, we discuss current knowledge of the varied strategies microbial pathogens use to evade the complicated network of plant immunity for successful infection. In addition, we discuss how to exploit this knowledge to engineer crop resistance.

论文链接：Nature Reviews Microbiology(2022)杂志在线 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-022-00710-3

该文章全面综述了植物病原体效应因子如何操纵涉及植物免疫传感、信号整合和防御执行的宿主细胞过程的最新研究进展。此外，改文章还讨论了植物与病原体相互作用的理解的最新进展如何在实践中用于防止微生物病原体逃避植物免疫系统。强调了当前对微生物植物病原体阻止 MAMP 触发的免疫或 ETI 激活的分子机制复杂性的认识，但仍有待解决的主要开放性研究问题。首先意识到，自然界中存在的大量微生物效应因子和抗性基因库提供了很大程度上尚未开发的基因组资源。因此，对新型效应因子及其作用模式的持续探索对于学术和应用研究仍然是有帮助的。同样，对于许多微生物效应因子，它们操纵哪些宿主目标以及它们如何破坏植物免疫激活也是未知的。总而言之，对复杂植物-微生物和微生物-微生物相互作用的作用机制理解对于在自然栖息地和现代农业中制定可持续植物保护策略至关重要。